Africa

Africa south of the Sahara has so far escaped the direst health impacts of the pandemic, but short-term policy responses and the global slowdown have had major impacts on growth, value chains, incomes, trade, poverty, and consumption. The medium- to long-term impacts on nutrition and health will depend on the rate of economic recovery. Disruptions in value chains and informal urban trade caused shortages and higher food prices. Lockdown measures and lost incomes have increased poverty rates and altered diets. Macro-level policies to mitigate the socioeconomic impacts plus notable expansion of social protection programs have been implemented to support disadvantaged groups, but the high cost may lead to fiscal instability. COVID-19 is just one among multiple shocks that have hit the continent in recent years, and the risk of disease outbreaks and natural disasters are likely increasing. Building resilience will require a food systems approach that better prepares for shocks and promotes investments that are inclusive of all people.